米国が対外的な科学研究資金の提供を削減すれば、米国自身の競争力が低下する。
US foreign aid saves money as well as lives p.269
Cutting the budget for applied research in foreign aid would make the United States less competitive.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21826
Cutting the budget for applied research in foreign aid would make the United States less competitive.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21826
Researchers in France overwhelmingly oppose the far right and can stamp out its rise by turning out to register their disapproval.
doi: 10.1038/544269a
Online data sharing through wearable devices motivates people to do more exercise.
doi: 10.1038/544270a
Threat of a far-right president galvanizes researchers to put politics first.
doi: 10.1038/544277a
Chemists will navigate molecular wagons along a tiny golden track.
doi: 10.1038/544278a
A better understanding of this pedestrian problem could lead to improved surgeons’ knots and fibres.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21815
Conservative academics face a growing tension between their politics and the liberal atmosphere on many US campuses.
doi: 10.1038/544280a
Partnerships see some success in eliminating illnesses, but challenges, such as access to treatments, remain.
doi: 10.1038/544281a
DNAを細胞内に収めるというゲノム構造上の難題はDNAをループにすることで解決できるが、この過程の原動力が何であるかは議論が分かれている。
doi: 10.1038/544284a
有尾類を死に至らしめている真菌感染症には潜在的な病原巣が複数あり、環境耐性のある胞子によって疾病が伝染していることが分かってきた。感染しやすい個体群を絶滅から守るには速やかな対応が必要である。
doi: 10.1038/544300a
グラフェンを「透過」層として用いると、基板の上に材料の単結晶を成長させ、次に、ベーキングペーパーによってケーキが容器から容易に取り出せるようになるのと同じような要領ではがすことができる。
doi: 10.1038/544301a
アタキシン2タンパク質の合成を阻害する分子によって、マウスモデルにおいて2つの神経変性疾患の影響を改善できることから、この手法が臨床試験で成功する期待が高まっている。
doi: 10.1038/nature21911
人体に常住する細菌は有益な影響をもたらすことが多いが、一部の細菌は害を及ぼすことがある。今回、腸内細菌の作用と、パーキンソン病のマウスモデルの神経変性が密接に関連していることが分かった。
doi: 10.1038/nature21910
溶融シリカガラスは、光学特性が優れていることで知られているが、この材料を加工しパターニングするには、極端な条件が必要なことが多い。今回、この問題を克服する3D印刷手法が開発された。
doi: 10.1038/544305a
南極の棚氷は、その表面に湖や流れが形成されているため、不安定化しやすくなっており、崩壊する可能性がある。しかし、川は、融解水を効率的に海洋に流出させ、こうした影響を緩和している可能性がある。
doi: 10.1038/544306a
2型アンジオテンシンII受容体の構造から、自己阻害作用モードを持つ可能性が明らかになった。このことから、シグナル伝達の喪失を説明できる可能性があり、疾病におけるアンジオテンシンII受容体の機能と役割を調べる手段が得られる。
doi: 10.1038/nature21907
Frequent dispersal and short-lived local transmission clusters fuelled the 2013–2016 Ebola virus epidemic in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
doi: 10.1038/nature22040
Postsynaptic synaptotagmin-1 and synaptotagmin-7 mediate calcium-dependent exocytosis of AMPA receptors during long-term potentiation.
doi: 10.1038/nature21720
The biosynthesis of oxetanocin A involves OxsB, a B12-dependent S-adenosylmethionine radical enzyme, which catalyses an unusual ring contraction of a 2′-deoxyadenosine phosphate.
doi: 10.1038/nature21689
Crystal structures of two complexes of the angiotensin II receptor AT2R with distinct tightly bound ligands reveal an active-like state of the receptor, in which helix VIII adopts a non-canonical position that blocks binding of G proteins and β-arrestins.
doi: 10.1038/nature22035
An Earth-sized planet is observed orbiting a nearby star within the liquid-water, habitable zone, the atmospheric composition of which could be determined from future observations.
doi: 10.1038/nature22055
Using stereolithography 3D printers, a silica nanocomposite is shaped and then fused to produce non-porous, very smooth, highly transparent fused silica glass components.
doi: 10.1038/nature22061
Conventional epitaxy is of limited application, but by placing a monolayer of graphene between the substrate and the so-called epilayer grown on top, its scope can be substantially extended.
doi: 10.1038/nature22053
On the Nansen Ice Shelf in Antarctica, a surface river that terminates in a waterfall can drain the ice shelf’s entire annual meltwater in just one week, potentially preventing the meltwater from hastening the catastrophic collapse of the shelf.
doi: 10.1038/nature22048
Surface water and its drainage across the surface of Antarctic ice is shown to be widespread, large-scale and to have persisted for decades.
doi: 10.1038/nature22049
The authors investigated the disease ecology of the fast-spreading fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans in fire salamanders; on the basis of their research, they call for Europe-wide monitoring systems and conservation strategies for threatened species.
doi: 10.1038/nature22059
Analysis of calcified dental plaque (calculus) specimens from Neanderthals shows marked regional differences in diet and microbiota and evidence of self-medication in one individual, and identifies prevalent microorganisms and their divergence between Neanderthals and modern humans.
doi: 10.1038/nature21674
Antisense oligonucleotides against ATXN2 improved motor neuron function and restored firing frequency in cerebellar Purkinje cells in mouse models of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2.
doi: 10.1038/nature22044
A decrease in ataxin-2 levels leads to a reduction in the aggregation of TDP-43, markedly increased lifespan and improved motor function in a transgenic mouse model of TDP-43 proteinopathy.
doi: 10.1038/nature22038
Dependence on exogenous serine means that tumour growth is restricted in mice on a low-serine diet; this effect on tumour growth can be amplified by antagonizing the antioxidant response.
doi: 10.1038/nature22056
DNA repair by break-induced replication begins with the Rad51-mediated invasion of single-stranded DNA into a double-stranded donor template; this study shows that successful recombination between highly mismatched substrates can occur when only five consecutive bases can be paired and that mismatch correction is most efficient near the invading end of the recipient strand.
doi: 10.1038/nature22046
