A failed crop trial of genetically modified wheat stil provides crucial lessons for those battling to provide the planet's growing population with a sustainable food supply.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2015.17855
US lawmakers are asserting their place in the human genetic-modification debate.
doi: 10.1038/523005b
Smartphone camera set to come to the aid of sleuths, scientists and wine lovers.
doi: 10.1038/523006a
Researchers hope the genetically engineered animals will speed past regulators.
doi: 10.1038/523013a
Gains from two-year fund-raising frenzy will aid the early detection of tumours.
doi: 10.1038/523014a
North America’s herbaria wilt under pressure for space and cash.
doi: 10.1038/523016a
Large study of nuclear workers shows that even tiny doses slightly boost risk of leukaemia.
doi: 10.1038/523017a
Dutch order to cut emissions opens door for citizens' lawsuits elsewhere.
doi: 10.1038/523018a
森林に、今まで以上に炭素を吸収して気候変動を抑制する力があるかを見極めようと、研究が続いている。
doi: 10.1038/523020a
どうすれば「倫理的な」ロボットが作れるかは、人工知能分野の最も難しい課題の1つである。
doi: 10.1038/523024a
カンブリア紀に生息していた葉足動物であるハルキゲニアの一種Hallucigenia sparsaの化石で、咽頭歯と放射状の口器様構造が見つかったことは、脱皮動物の間の進化上のつながりをさかのぼり、祖先の解明を進めるのに役立つ。
doi: 10.1038/nature14627
着色粒子のコロイド懸濁液から作られた一連のフィルターのアレイでスマートフォンのカメラを改造すると、分光分析用の強力なツールができた。
doi: 10.1038/523039a
禁煙のための4通りの報奨金プログラムの無作為化比較試験が行われ、報酬を使用する方式が持続的な禁煙につながることが分かった。しかし、このような方式が一般社会に容認される可能性は低く、それがこうした方法の採択を妨げている。
doi: 10.1038/523040a
ロゼッタ探査機が撮影した画像の解析から、彗星の複雑な地形の細部が明らかになった。表面のクローズアップ画像では、昇華が起こっている活動中のピットから塵のジェットが放出されている様子が複数認められた。
doi: 10.1038/523042a
オーストラリアに生息するトカゲの一種の野生集団は性染色体を持っているが、温度によって制御される性分化も見られるため、進化の過程でこのような2つの性決定機構を行ったり来たりする仕組みについての手掛かりが得られる。
doi: 10.1038/523043a
線虫では、空間的および時間的に活性が制限されている転写因子の組み合わせが、運動神経に向かう、あるいは運動神経からのシナプス結合形成の制御を介して運動を協調させていることが分かった。
doi: 10.1038/523044a
This study determines the structure of the spliceosomal tri-snRNP complex (containing three small nuclear RNAs and more than 30 proteins) by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy; the resolution is sufficient to discern the organization of RNA and protein components involved in spliceosome activation, exon alignment and catalysis.
doi: 10.1038/nature14548
Transcription-blocking DNA lesions result in chromatin displacement of core spliceosomes containing U2 and U5 snRNPs; consequently, R-loops containing the nascent transcript are formed, which activate ATM in a feed-forward fashion to influence spliceosome dynamics and alternative splicing.
doi: 10.1038/nature14512
Massive galaxy clusters are filled with a hot, turbulent and magnetized intra-cluster medium, whose energy is derived from gravitational energy; the energy components of this medium are now shown to be ordered according to a permanent hierarchy, in which the ratio of thermal to turbulent to magnetic energy densities remains virtually unaltered over time.
doi: 10.1038/nature14552
The size and spatial distribution of pits on comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, which are active and probably created by a sinkhole process, imply that large heterogeneities exist in the physical, structural or compositional properties of the first few hundred metres below the current cometary surface.
doi: 10.1038/nature14564
An efficient, cost effective microspectrometer that consists of a two-dimensional absorptive filter array of 195 different colloidal quantum dots is presented, and its performance demonstrated by measuring shifts in spectral peak positions as small as one nanometre.
doi: 10.1038/nature14576
The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is an important source of climate variability in the Northern Hemisphere; here, a model-tested reconstruction of the NAO for the past millennium reveals that positive NAO phases were predominant during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, but not during the whole medieval period.
doi: 10.1038/nature14518
A re-analysis of the 508-million-year-old stem-group onychophoran Hallucigenia sparsa from the Burgess Shale shows that its anterior gut has structures that indicate evolutionary links with more disparate phyla such as nematodes and kinorhynchs; Hallucigenia now provides concrete evidence of structures that might have existed in the last common ancestor of the Ecdysozoa, previously a matter of conjecture.
doi: 10.1038/nature14573
The first report of reptile sex reversal in the wild and rapid transition between genetic and environmental sex determination in the Australian bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)
doi: 10.1038/nature14574
Neuronal synapses need to be formed at the right time and the right place during nervous system development; here, three gene-regulatory factors (the UNC-30, LIN-14 and UNC-55 DNA-binding proteins) are shown to operate in an intersectional manner to control the expression of a novel synaptic organizer molecule, OIG-1.
doi: 10.1038/nature14545
Little is known about how individual cells within a group of cells exposed to the same external signals can produce a specific individual response to their local microenvironment; a quantitative analysis of cell crowding reveals that single cells can autonomously sense local crowding though their ability to spread and activate focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which ultimately results in changes in cellular lipid composition.
doi: 10.1038/nature14429
Magnetically induced mechanical strain mimicking the pressure exerted by a growing tumour in the mouse colon is shown to activate the tumorigenic β-catenin pathway in healthy epithelia, suggesting an alternative pathway, mechanotransductive in nature, in the propagation of tumorigenesis and growth from tumour to healthy tissue.
doi: 10.1038/nature14329
The critical effectors of MYC overexpression during lymphomagenesis in transgenic mice are defined.
doi: 10.1038/nature14351
Calcium potently stimulates proteolysis by endogenous rhomboid-4, an intramembrane protease that contains a cytoplasmic calcium-binding EF-hand domain.
doi: 10.1038/nature14357
Structures of actin-like ParM filaments at near-atomic resolution and their arrangements into doublets reveal how subunits and filaments come together to segregate low-copy-number plasmid R1 in Escherichia coli, producing the simplest known mitotic machinery.
doi: 10.1038/nature14356
The first structures of the mammalian phosphofructokinase-1 tetramer are reported, for the human platelet isoform, in complex with ATP–Mg2+ and ADP.
doi: 10.1038/nature14405
