英国のEU離脱という結果が出た今、科学者たちも皆、今後何が起こるのかほとんど分かっていない。
Non-expert nation p.589
Scientists — just like everybody else — have little idea what will happen now that the United Kingdom has voted to exit the European Union.
doi: 10.1038/534589a
Scientists — just like everybody else — have little idea what will happen now that the United Kingdom has voted to exit the European Union.
doi: 10.1038/534589a
Problems of modern society demand collaborative research.
doi: 10.1038/534589b
The perils of the past must not be allowed to happen again
doi: 10.1038/534590a
Researchers organize to lobby for science as country prepares for life outside the EU.
doi: 10.1038/534597a
The mission will peek through the gas giant’s swirling clouds in search of a planetary core.
doi: 10.1038/534599a
Cooler, cloudier summers slow snowmelt in Himalayas
doi: 10.1038/534600a
Users urge caution in revamp of service at the heart of physics.
doi: 10.1038/534602a
20年前に誕生した世界で最も有名なヒツジであるドリーの作製について、関係者たちが振り返る。
doi: 10.1038/534604a
地球には「高速電波バースト」と呼ばれる極めて強力な電波が届いているが、その起源は議論の的になっている。
doi: 10.1038/534610a
腸内での宿主細胞と細菌の相互作用は、健康を保つか、病気になるかを決める要因になることがある。そして今回、抗生物質の投与の影響によって宿主細胞が病原性細菌の増殖を促進するようになりかねない仕組みが調べられた。
doi: 10.1038/nature18449
若齢期のミトコンドリア機能不全は、DNAの詰め込まれ方に長期にわたる変化をもたらすことが2つの研究によって明らかになった。このような変化が、細胞でのストレス応答と生物個体の長寿という結果をもたらすらしい。
doi: 10.1038/534625a
中国の洞窟から得られた石筍に隠されていた情報が、今回解読され、正確な年代が決められたことで、過去の気候変動の状況が明らかになり、現在の気候システムにおける複雑な相互作用についての手掛かりが得られた。
doi: 10.1038/534626a
生物種の一部では、がん細胞が個体間で直接伝播することがある。今回行われた貝類での解析から、このような伝播性のがんの一部は、種の障壁をも越えられることが明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/nature18455
The objective of the Paris climate agreement is to limit global-average temperature increase to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to further pursue limiting it to 1.5 degrees Celsius; here, the adequacy of the national plans submitted in preparation for this agreement is assessed, and it is concluded that substantial enhancement or over-delivery on these plans is required to have a reasonable chance of achieving the Paris climate objective.
doi: 10.1038/nature18307
Records of the Asian monsoon have been extended to 640,000 years ago, and confirm both that the 100,000-year ice age cycle results from integral numbers of precessional cycles and that insolation influences the pacing of major millennial-scale climate events.
doi: 10.1038/nature18591
A systematic screen identifies FGFR1 signalling reactivation as an adaptive resistance mechanism after MEK inhibition specific for KRAS tumours, which can be targeted by combined inhibition with the clinically approved drugs trametinib and ponatinib.
doi: 10.1038/nature18600
An improved ATAC-seq approach is used to describe a genome-wide view of accessible chromatin and cis-regulatory elements in mouse preimplantation embryos, allowing construction of a regulatory network of early development that helps to identify key modulators of lineage specification.
doi: 10.1038/nature18606
A fully formed, Neptune-sized planet is observed orbiting a young star, demonstrating that planets can form in less than 10 million years and may also experience inward migration on these timescales.
doi: 10.1038/nature18293
The radial velocities of a young star are measured, revealing the presence of a planet of mass about three-quarters that of Jupiter, orbiting its host star very closely, and thus demonstrating that ‘hot Jupiters’ can migrate inwards in less than two million years.
doi: 10.1038/nature18305
Many proof-of-principle platforms for quantum simulation of spin models have been implemented, but it is difficult to produce a design with sufficient flexibility to realize arbitrary geometries and variable distance; here a platform based on arrays of optical microtraps achieves this flexibility with large atom numbers.
doi: 10.1038/nature18274
It is an long-standing goal to produce a photonic quantum Hall effect, analogous to the well-known quantum Hall effect for electrons; now an artificial magnetic field for a continuum of photons has been produced, making it possible to observe photonic Landau levels in a photonic quantum Hall material.
doi: 10.1038/nature17943
Switching of static friction and adhesion of a liquid drop on a corrugated solid boron nitride surface is linked to the intercalation of hydrogen, which changes the electric field of in-plane dipole rings and thus reduces the adsorption energy.
doi: 10.1038/nature18275
Climate models require an understanding of ecosystem-scale respiration and photosynthesis, yet there is no way of measuring these two fluxes directly; here, new instrumentation is used to determine these fluxes in a temperate forest, showing, for instance, that respiration is less during the day than at night.
doi: 10.1038/nature17966
The degree of interdisciplinarity in research proposals negatively correlates with funding success across a wide range of research fields.
doi: 10.1038/nature18315
Here, the circuits underlying the motivational or rewarding component to aggression are deconstructed, showing that an inhibitory projection from the basal forebrain to the lateral habenula bi-directionally controls this aspect of aggression.
doi: 10.1038/nature18601
Maximum-depth sequencing (MDS), a new method of detecting extremely rare variants within a bacterial population, is used to show that mutation rates in Escherichia coli vary across the genome by at least an order of magnitude, and also to uncover mechanisms of antibiotic-induced mutagenesis.
doi: 10.1038/nature18313
Antibiotic usage in humans can increase the risk of Salmonella infection by an unknown mechanism; this paper reveals that the antibiotic streptomycin increases the activity of the host-encoded enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase, this then drives Salmonella expansion by the generation of galactarate — a metabolite normally absent from the gut.
doi: 10.1038/nature18597
A complex interplay involving Notch- and Erbb2-mediated signalling between cardiomyocytes guides the morphogenesis of the ventricular wall.
doi: 10.1038/nature18310
Disseminated neoplasias in three species of bivalve mollusc are attributed to transmissible clonal lines, and neoplasias in one species are caused by cross-species transmission of cancer, suggesting that transmissible neoplasia is common in marine species.
doi: 10.1038/nature18599
Acute protein folding stress in the mitochondrial matrix activates both increased chaperone availability within the matrix and reduced matrix-localized protein synthesis through translational inhibition.
doi: 10.1038/nature18302
We have a limited understanding of how cells mark and identify newly replicated genomic loci that have a sister chromatid; here, unmethylated K20 in the tail of new histone H4 is shown to serve as a signature of post-replicative chromatin, which is specifically recognized by the homologous recombination complex TONSL–MMS22L.
doi: 10.1038/nature18312
Translation termination sequences are occasionally bypassed by the ribosome and the resulting proteins can be detrimental to the cell; here it is shown that cells can prevent such proteins from accumulating through peptides that are encoded within the 3' UTR of genes in both humans and C. elegans.
doi: 10.1038/nature18308
The first high-resolution structure of a human actomyosin complex reveals the interface between F-actin and myosin in near-atomic detail.
doi: 10.1038/nature18295
