西側諸国の研究機関は、協同研究相手国の人権侵害に対し、反対の声を上げるべきだ。
House of cards p.5
Western institutions must speak out against human-rights abuses in their partner countries.
doi: 10.1038/518005b
Western institutions must speak out against human-rights abuses in their partner countries.
doi: 10.1038/518005b
Europe's researchers should grab every opportunity to ensure that funds redirected towards strategic investment will not miss science altogether.
doi: 10.1038/518005a
Realizing the benefits of driverless cars will require governments to embrace the technology.
doi: 10.1038/518006a
White House plan would increase research and development funding but faces rough road in Congress.
doi: 10.1038/518013a
The landmark BICEP2 result has turned to dust, but the search for primordial cosmic ripples continues.
doi: 10.1038/518016a
Creation of electronic device using atom-thin silicon sheets could boost work on other flat materials.
doi: 10.1038/518017a
Researchers at top science institute say education will have more effect than vocal opposition.
doi: 10.1038/518018a
自動運転車は現在最もホットな研究課題であり、完全に無人で走れる車が10年も経たずに実現する可能性もある。
doi: 10.1038/518020a
早産児の生存率が向上しているが、早産が精神の発達にどのような影響を及ぼすかについての研究は始まったばかりだ。
doi: 10.1038/518024a
抗体を薬品として使い成功したことから、抗体をまねたもっと小型の分子の作製に関心が持たれるようになった。免疫細胞を集めてがん細胞を攻撃させる小型分子が化学合成され、この目的に向かう重要な一歩が踏み出された。
doi: 10.1038/518038a
ニュージーランドの下に沈み込みつつある太平洋プレートの底部の高分解画像から、プレートとその下の上部マントルとの間を切り離している厚さ10 kmのチャネルの存在が明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/518039a
光遺伝学の手法を使えば、細胞内のタンパク質間相互作用を光活性化によって制御できる。この方法を膜の動力学的性質を変えるのに使って、細胞内構造の再編成が可能になった。
doi: 10.1038/nature14086
電子デバイスのマス・カスタマイゼーションは、三次元プリンターによって可能になるだろうか。この方法を用いて、量子ドットを使い発光ダイオードを製作した研究によって、こうした目標が一歩近づいた。
doi: 10.1038/518042a
サンゴの大量白化現象は、サンゴ礁を優占する生物がサンゴから藻類へと替わるのを促進することがある。しかし、長期的なデータからは、調べられたサンゴ礁の半分以上が、以前の美しい姿へと立ち直ったことを示している。
doi: 10.1038/nature14196
天然物である抗生物質のリンコマイシンA中に存在する硫黄原子の代謝起源は、これまではっきりしていなかった。この抗生物質の生合成反応から、2つの硫黄含有代謝産物の意外な役割が明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/nature14197
過去500万年という、地質年代の鮮新世と更新世に当たる時期の気候記録の比較から、正の気候フィードバックは温暖期に強くなっていないことが示唆された。
doi: 10.1038/518046b
A new record of Pliocene carbon dioxide variations derived from boron isotopes shows that climate sensitivity (the change in global mean temperature in response to radiative forcing) during the Plio-Pleistocene does not vary when cycles in continental ice are taken into account; this suggests that current estimates can be used to predict future climate.
doi: 10.1038/nature14145
Essential enzymes in genetically modified organisms are computationally redesigned to functionally depend on non-standard amino acids, thereby achieving biocontainment with unprecedented resistance to escape by evolution or by supplementation with environmental metabolites.
doi: 10.1038/nature14121
Using single-particle electron cryomicroscopy, several structures are reported which illuminate the mechanisms of action of the ATPase NSF that disassembles the SNARE complex into individual protein components.
doi: 10.1038/nature14148
An analysis of a bacterial homologue of the human glutamate transporter using single-molecule FRET and X-ray crystallography reveals that opening of the interface between its distinct transport and scaffold domains is rate determining for the transport cycle.
doi: 10.1038/nature14158
A search of a data set of light curves for 247,000 known, spectroscopically confirmed quasars with a temporal baseline of about 9 years reveals a strong, smooth periodic signal in the optical variability of quasar PG 1302−102 with a mean observed period of 1,884 ± 88 days, indicating a possible supermassive black-hole binary.
doi: 10.1038/nature14143
Alloying steel with aluminium improves the material’s strength-to-weight ratio, but the resulting formation of brittle intermetallic compounds within the steel matrix reduces its ductility; here the morphology and distribution of the intermetallic precipitates are controlled to alleviate this problem.
doi: 10.1038/nature14144
Carbon–hydrogen (C–H) bond functionalization catalysed by potassium tert-butoxide, which is abundant and inexpensive, offers a direct route to the silylation of aromatic heterocycles that both obviates the need for precious metal catalysts and overcomes the limitations of previous methods.
doi: 10.1038/nature14126
A high-resolution image for the base of an oceanic plate that is subducting beneath North Island, New Zealand, reveals a channel, which is interpreted as a sheared zone of ponded partial melts or volatiles; this low-viscosity channel decouples the plate from mantle flow beneath, allowing plate tectonics to work.
doi: 10.1038/nature14146
Construction of a series of genomically recoded organisms whose growth is restricted by the expression of essential genes dependent on exogenously supplied synthetic amino acids introduces novel orthogonal barriers between these engineered organisms and the environment, thereby creating safer genetically modified organisms.
doi: 10.1038/nature14095
An analysis of 21 coral reefs in the Indian Ocean using data across 17 years that spanned a major climatic disturbance reveals factors that predispose a coral reef to recovery or regime shift from hard corals to macroalgae; these results could foreshadow the likely outcomes of tropical coral reefs to the effects of climate change, informing management and adaptation plans.
doi: 10.1038/nature14140
Documented cases of horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to eukaryotes are rare, but now, not only is a new class of transferred genes identified, the function of one representative is also demonstrated in its new setting, where it controls bacterial growth.
doi: 10.1038/nature13965
Exome sequence analysis of nearly 10,000 people was carried out to identify alleles associated with early-onset myocardial infarction; mutations in low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) or apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5) were associated with disease risk, identifying the key roles of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.
doi: 10.1038/nature13917
A novel anti-microRNA delivery platform that targets the acidic tumour microenvironment, in which a chosen anti-miRNA is coupled to a peptide that can transport the anti-miRNA across cell membranes specifically in an acidic environment.
doi: 10.1038/nature13905
An optogenetic strategy allowing light-mediated recruitment of distinct cytoskeletal motor proteins to specific organelles is established; this technique enabled rapid and reversible activation or inhibition of the transport of organelles such as peroxisomes, recycling endosomes and mitochondria with high spatiotemporal accuracy, and the approach was also applied to primary neurons to demonstrate optical control of axonal growth by recycling endosome repositioning.
doi: 10.1038/nature14128
Mycothiol and ergothioneine are shown to have important roles in the biosynthesis of lincomycin A, a sulfur-containing antibiotic that is used to treat severe Gram-positive bacterial infections in people who cannot receive penicillin antibiotics.
doi: 10.1038/nature14137
A novel biotin-dependent carboxylase with a preference for long-chain acyl-CoA substrates and a unique holoenzyme architecture is described.
doi: 10.1038/nature13912
