Scientists in the United States and elsewhere ought to address the needs and employment prospects of taxpayers who have seen little benefit from scientific advances.
doi: 10.1038/542391a
A proposal to massively expand the number of bodies called planets raises interesting questions.
doi: 10.1038/542392b
The European Union is dragging its feet on gene-editing rules and scientists should push the issue.
doi: 10.1038/542392a
Maximum-security biolab is part of plan to build network of BSL-4 facilities across China.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21487
The US Patent and Trademark Office issues a verdict in legal tussle over rights to genome-editing technology.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21502
Rift through Larsen C ice shelf has grown to 175 kilometres, and collapse of nearby ice shelves could offer a glimpse of its future.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21507
Policy experts want scientists at the table when government decides on environmental protection and membership of international collaborations.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21511
DNA of 500-year-old bacteria is first direct evidence of an epidemic — one of humanity's deadliest — that occurred after Spanish conquest.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21485
A host of detailed cell atlases could revolutionize understanding of cancer and other diseases.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21508
DNAやRNAの見過ごされていた化学標識が、遺伝子発現に関するこれまでの見方を揺るがしている。
doi: 10.1038/542406a
網膜の信号伝達経路で中心的な役割を担っている双極細胞を系統的に分析した結果、このニューロンの光に対する多様な応答は、主に隣接するアマクリン細胞からのフィードバックによって生じていることが明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/nature21498
統計解析によって、第四紀において温暖な期間が生じる単純な法則が明らかになったが、ずっと長い時間スケールでは、地質学的データから、太陽系がカオス的であることが確認された。
doi: 10.1038/542419a
最適なタンパク質合成には、転移RNAの塩基が修飾される必要がある。今回、2種の酵素の逐次的活性を伴う独特な2段階機構が、重要な修飾に関与していることが分かった。
doi: 10.1038/542420a
表面に液体の水が存在している可能性のある7つの小さな惑星が、近傍の矮星の周囲に発見された。こうした配置がさまざまな惑星系で一般的だとすれば、銀河系は地球に似た惑星で満ちあふれている可能性がある。
doi: 10.1038/542421a
化学の分野では、完全共役した、つまり有用な性質をもたらす可能性のある属性を持つ二次元ポリマーの合成が切望されていた。今回まさにそうした材料が、固体重合反応を用いて作製された。
doi: 10.1038/nature21503
腫瘍生存経路を阻害する血液がん標的薬がマウス細胞とヒト細胞の突然変異を生じさせる酵素も活性化することが、今回明らかになった。この結果は、こうした薬剤の臨床用途に影響を与える可能性がある。
doi: 10.1038/nature21504
A simple model, based on only summer insolation energy and time since the previous deglaciation, correctly predicts the deglaciation history of the past 2.6 million years, including the change in frequency of glacial–interglacial cycles about one million years ago.
doi: 10.1038/nature21364
Whole-exome analysis of individuals with developmental disorders shows that de novo mutations can equally cause loss or altered protein function, but that most mutations causing altered protein function have not yet been described.
doi: 10.1038/nature21062
The functional diversity of bipolar cells, which split visual inputs into different excitatory channels within the retina, arises from centre–surround interactions in their receptive fields that tune both spatial and temporal signalling.
doi: 10.1038/nature21394
Immunization with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites under chemoprophylaxis can protect against controlled human malaria infection with the same strain for at least 10 weeks, and protection correlates with polyfunctional T-cell memory.
doi: 10.1038/nature21060
Adipose tissue is a major source of circulating exosomal miRNAs, which contribute to the regulation of gene expression in distant tissues and organs.
doi: 10.1038/nature21365
Last year, three Earth-sized planets were discovered to be orbiting the nearby Jupiter-sized star TRAPPIST-1; now, follow-up photometric observations from the ground and from space show that there are at least seven Earth-sized planets in this star system, and that they might be the right temperature to harbour liquid water on their surfaces.
doi: 10.1038/nature21360
Suitably engineered mechanical metamaterials show static non-reciprocity—that is, the transmission of motion from one side to the other depends on the direction of that motion.
doi: 10.1038/nature21044
Nitrogen isotope data from sediments deposited during the earliest stage of the Great Oxidation Event show evidence for the emergence of a pervasive aerobic marine nitrogen cycle.
doi: 10.1038/nature20826
Cretaceous astrochronologic evidence reveals a resonance transition associated with the orbits of Mars and the Earth, confirming predicted chaotic Solar System behaviour and enabling an improvement in the geological timescale.
doi: 10.1038/nature21402
Presence of a radula in Calvapilosa kroegeri confirms the molluscan affinity of sachitids, and the single shell plate reveals the ancestral condition for all crown molluscs and early evolution of the multi-plated body plan characteristic of Aculifera.
doi: 10.1038/nature21055
The N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification facilitates maternally driven clearance of zebrafish maternal mRNAs through the m6A-binding protein Ythdf2, ensuring proper and timely embryonic development.
doi: 10.1038/nature21355
The B-lymphoid transcription factors PAX5 and IKZF1 restrict the supply of glucose and energy to B cells to levels that are not enough to fuel a driver-oncogene, thereby acting as tumour suppressors and sensitizing acute lymphoblastic leukaemia B cells to glucocorticoid therapy.
doi: 10.1038/nature21076
The gene CHD1 is synthetic essential in PTEN-deficient prostate and breast cancers.
doi: 10.1038/nature21357
PI3Kδ controls the expression of the recombinogenic enzyme AID; excessive AID activity caused by PI3Kδ inhibition can induce genomic instability in leukaemia and lymphoma cells, as well as in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treated with PI3Kδ inhibitors.
doi: 10.1038/nature21406
The C-to-U deamination at position 32 of tRNAThr in Trypanosoma brucei requires two enzymatic activities and proceeds via formation of a 3-methylcytosine intermediate, supporting the notion of a coupled modification system.
doi: 10.1038/nature21396
The near-complete in vitro reconstitution of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint reveals how the assembly of its effector, the mitotic checkpoint complex, is catalysed.
doi: 10.1038/nature21384
