幹細胞治療への期待を揺るがすほど、その治験の論文には誤りが多く、対策を講じる必要がある。
False positives p.7
A correlation between error rate and success undermines promise of stem-cell trials.
doi: 10.1038/509007b
A correlation between error rate and success undermines promise of stem-cell trials.
doi: 10.1038/509007b
Carbon capture and storage projects promise to make a dent in global emissions — but only as part of a broader programme of technology deployment and economic incentives.
doi: 10.1038/509007a
Japan’s proposed reforms to science monitoring are welcome but long overdue.
doi: 10.1038/509008a
Study queries early-phase trials of heart-disease treatment.
doi: 10.1038/509015a
Government effort to produce vaccines on demand raises questions about cost and strategy.
doi: 10.1038/509016a
As many older companies move away from fundamental research, young technology firms are picking up the slack.
doi: 10.1038/509018a
Large-scale carbon-capture projects set to go live this year.
doi: 10.1038/509020a
ウイルス学者が、史上最悪の病原体の1つ、天然痘ウイルスを見つけ出そうと、古い遺体を調査している。
doi: 10.1038/509022a
干ばつが常態となっているコンゴ盆地での熱帯林のリモートセンシング解析から、植生の緑色度の低下、気温上昇や貯水量の減少が継続的なパターンとして起こっていることが明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/nature13330
新規なホログラフィー法を使って、通常の電子ビームがらせん状のビームに変換された。このようなビームは、キラリティーを持つ材料の分光分析やナノ粒子の操作などへの応用が期待される。
doi: 10.1038/509037a
マウスでは、脊髄中の調節性ニューロン群の1つが、筋肉への感覚フィードバックの抑制に関わっていることが分かった。このようなニューロンを除去すると到達運動の際に前肢の振動が繰り返されるようになる。
doi: 10.1038/509038a
地球の表面プレートの下にある柔らかいマントル層中で水とメルトが果たす役割については議論が続いている。新たに得られたデータは、マントル層の最上部に少量のメルトが生じているというモデルを裏付けている。
doi: 10.1038/509040a
若い太陽系外惑星の分光観測から、その自転速度が直接測定できた。得られた速い自転速度は、自転速度が惑星質量の関数として増加するという既知の傾向を外挿したものと一致している。
doi: 10.1038/509041a
A population of spinal interneurons that form axo–axonic connections with the terminals of proprioceptive afferents are shown to mediate presynaptic inhibition; their ablation elicits harmonic oscillations during goal-directed forelimb movements, which can be modelled as the consequence of an increase in sensory feedback gain.
doi: 10.1038/nature13276
Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have a lower rate of protein synthesis in vivo than most other haematopoietic cells, and both increases and decreases in the rate of protein synthesis impair HSC function, demonstrating that HSC maintenance—and hence, cellular homeostasis—requires the rate of protein synthesis to be highly regulated.
doi: 10.1038/nature13035
A longitudinal study of an individual patient developing neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 (targeting the V1V2 region of gp120) reveals how such neutralizing antibodies develop and evolve over time, providing important insights relevant to vaccine development.
doi: 10.1038/nature13036
Near-infrared spectroscopic observations of the young extrasolar planet β Pictoris b indicate that it spins significantly faster than any planet in the Solar System, in line with the extrapolation of the known trend in spin velocity with planet mass.
doi: 10.1038/nature13253
Single organic dye molecules have high-flux, narrow-bandwidth single-photon emission and can be spectrally matched to the transitions of atoms acting as a quantum memory, making them promising for use in quantum information and communication schemes.
doi: 10.1038/nature13191
An enantioselective reaction involving a molecule with two axes of stereochemical consequence produces four stereoisomers, and rather than racemizing as the system approaches equilibrium, one of the diastereomeric pairs drifts spontaneously to a higher enantiomeric ratio.
doi: 10.1038/nature13189
New sea surface temperature and oxygen isotope records, combined with climate modelling experiments, show that slowdowns of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during Heinrich stadials and the Younger Dryas stadial affected the tropical Indian Ocean hydroclimate through changes to the Hadley circulation.
doi: 10.1038/nature13196
Determination of the electrical conductivity of carbon-dioxide- and water-rich melts, which are typically produced at the onset of mantle melting, shows that incipient melts can trigger the high electrical conductivities found in oceanic regions of the asthenosphere.
doi: 10.1038/nature13245
The long-term drying trend in central African rainforests might help to explain satellite-detected large-scale vegetation browning in the Congolese forests.
doi: 10.1038/nature13265
Using whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing, this study identifies eight significantly mutated genes in oesophageal squamous cell cancer, including two genes, ADAM29 and FAM135B, not previously associated with this cancer type.
doi: 10.1038/nature13176
Cystathionine γ-lyase, which is responsible for the production of cysteine, is decreased in the striatum and cortex of mouse models of Huntington’s disease and in patients with Huntington’s disease, and cysteine supplementation in diet and drinking water partly rescues the phenotype and the diminished longevity of the mouse model.
doi: 10.1038/nature13136
Reprogramming after somatic cell nuclear transfer had been thought to be dependent on the recipient cytoplasm being arrested at the metaphase stage, but here interphase two-cell mouse embryos are shown to support successful reprogramming and generation of embryonic stem cells or cloned mice.
doi: 10.1038/nature13134
Through a quantitative proteomics analysis, a cohort of proteins is identified that associate with autophagosomes, among them a new cargo receptor called NCOA4 that, in response to iron deprivation, targets ferritin to autophagosomes and thereby releases iron.
doi: 10.1038/nature13148
RIG-I protein recognizes viral duplex RNA with a 5′-triphosphate group, activating innate immune responses; a crystal structure of its tetrameric CARD signalling domain reveals that non-covalently linked ubiquitin chains stabilize the tetramer in a ‘lock-washer’ structure that serves as a signalling platform for the recruitment and activation of MAVS.
doi: 10.1038/nature13140
The X-ray crystal structure of the human P2Y12 receptor, which regulates platelet activation and thrombus formation, is solved in complex with an antithrombotic drug, providing insights for the development of new drugs.
doi: 10.1038/nature13083
An X-ray structure of human P2Y12 receptor, a clinical drug target for platelet aggregation inhibitors, is presented in complex with an agonist, providing insight into the δ-group of class A G-protein-coupled receptors.
doi: 10.1038/nature13288
