新たに別種と判明した、森林に住むアフリカゾウは、繁殖に時間がかかり、密猟による絶滅の危機にある。
Threat to African forest elephants p.7
Analysis highlights the risk faced by a newly distinct species.
doi: 10.1038/537007b
Analysis highlights the risk faced by a newly distinct species.
doi: 10.1038/537007b
The US government should not focus funds on the Zika virus at the expense of other health priorities.
doi: 10.1038/537007a
In a region known to be seismically active, destruction on this scale was still a surprise.
doi: 10.1038/537015a
Materials research is at the heart of efforts to keep the world’s reactors running well past 2050.
doi: 10.1038/537016a
Digital scans will help researchers test whether she fell out of a tree.
doi: 10.1038/537019a
Evolution of mathematics traced using unusually comprehensive genealogy database.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20491
遺伝情報の貯蔵に使われるDNA分子を、爆発的に増えているコンピューターデータの保存にも利用できるかどうかの研究が盛んに行われている。
doi: 10.1038/537022a
ヘビによる死者は毎年何万人にも上り、抗毒素の供給不足が深刻だが、その打開策についての専門家の意見は分かれている。
doi: 10.1038/537026a
抗体療法の1つが、アルツハイマー病の特徴であるアミロイドβタンパク質凝集体を著しく減らし、さらに認知障害の進行を遅らせる可能性もあることが、患者への投与で明らかになった。認知障害への効果が確認されれば、治療に大変革がもたらされるかもしれない。
doi: 10.1038/537036a
ロゼッタ探査機は彗星の周囲を周回するのに成功するという歴史的偉業を成し遂げた。得られたデータによって、彗星の塵粒子の構造が今回明らかになり、惑星系の形成過程の一端が明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/537037a
細胞の翻訳装置であるリボソームの産生には、数百種のタンパク質が共同して機能することが必要である。リボソームの最初期の前駆体の構造から、リボソームの形成について、これまで知られていなかった知見が得られた。
doi: 10.1038/537038a
南大洋は過去数十年間にわたって、塩分濃度が低下し続けている。南大洋での海氷の輸送状況が解析され、この現象は海氷の流動と氷の厚さの連動した変化によって説明できることが示された。
doi: 10.1038/537040a
植物種が共存するには、資源の使用におけるトレードオフが必要である。草原に関する広範囲にわたる研究によって、限りある資源の1つを増やすとこのような潜在的トレードオフが消滅して、種の多様性の低下が起こりかねないことが示された。
doi: 10.1038/537042a
腫瘍の増殖が進み過ぎて血液による栄養供給が足りなくなると、腫瘍中の細胞では酸素レベルが低下する。この変化は、DNAからメチル基を取り除く酵素のTETの活性を制限し、それによって遺伝子発現状況を変化させる可能性があることが今回明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/nature19426
初期の人類の北米大陸への移動はいつ頃、どういう経路を通って行われたのだろうか。古代の植物や動物の遺物の解析から、北米大陸北西部の複数の氷床の間に道が開けた可能性があると考えられていた時期が修正された。
doi: 10.1038/nature19421
During much of the last ice age, continental ice sheets prevented humans from migrating into North America from Siberia; an environmental reconstruction of the corridor that opened up between the Cordilleran and Laurentide ice sheets reveals that it would have been inhospitable to the initial colonizing humans, who therefore probably entered North America by a different route.
doi: 10.1038/nature19085
Aducanumab, a human monoclonal antibody that selectively targets aggregated Aβ, reduces soluble and insoluble Aβ in the brain, an action accompanied by a dose-dependent slowing of clinical decline in treated patients.
doi: 10.1038/nature19323
Using a single-cell sequencing analysis in monkey embryos, and comparing the genes expressed during early development in this species with those in mice and in human pluripotent stem cells, the authors define characteristics of pluripotency ontogeny across mammalian species.
doi: 10.1038/nature19096
Hypoxia in solid tumours reduces the expression of tumour suppressor genes through an epigenetic mechanism.
doi: 10.1038/nature19081
Recently, temperate Earth-sized planets were discovered around the nearby star TRAPPIST-1; now, preliminary transmission spectra observations of the two inner planets by the Hubble Space Telescope suggest that these planets do not have a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere and are thus terrestrial, their atmospheric type still to be determined.
doi: 10.1038/nature18641
In situ measurements of dust particles at comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko confirm that the particles are aggregates of smaller, elongated grains even at the smallest sizes examined.
doi: 10.1038/nature19091
A two-mode waveguide is designed to realize a dynamical encircling of an exceptional point at which two resonances coincide in their frequency and their rate of decay; as a result the waveguide transmits only into a unique mode at either one of its two output ports.
doi: 10.1038/nature18605
The transfer of energy between two vibrational modes of an optomechanical device is achieved using topological operations; the key to this transfer is the existence of an exceptional point in the complex spectrum of the device.
doi: 10.1038/nature18604
Ablation cooling is demonstrated as an effective means of removing material using successive bursts of laser pulses with short intraburst delay times; the technique allows the overall pulse energy to be decreased, overcoming negative thermal effects during the ablation process.
doi: 10.1038/nature18619
Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the northward transport of sea ice from Antarctica can explain the bulk of the observed freshening in the Southern Ocean.
doi: 10.1038/nature19101
Analysis of multi-year nutrient enrichment experiments carried out on 45 global grassland sites show that an addition of an increasing number of nutrients leads to a reduction in plant species diversity, and competition for multiple below-ground resources promotes plant species diversity.
doi: 10.1038/nature19324
A brain circuit is identified through which serotonin induces an anxiety-like state; this circuit also mediates the anxiety-like behaviour induced by acute administration of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine and may underlie the early adverse events that some patients with anxiety disorders have to these types of drugs.
doi: 10.1038/nature19318
Patient-derived circulating tumour cells are used to characterize the dynamics and underlying plasticity of HER2 expression in non-HER2-amplified breast tumours.
doi: 10.1038/nature19328
A new endosomal tethering mechanism involving a mechanochemical cycle of the dimeric coiled-coil protein EEA1 regulated by Rab5:GTP binding and GTP hydrolysis.
doi: 10.1038/nature19326
A class of small molecules that stabilize a previously unrecognized inactive state of KSR is reported; the agonists synergize with MEK inhibitors to prevent growth of Ras mutant cell lines.
doi: 10.1038/nature19327
Calcium channel blockers are widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases; new structural studies uncover how two different types of calcium-channel blockers bind to the channel; the drugs bind in different locations, revealing different mechanisms of drug action.
doi: 10.1038/nature19102