科学界は、若手研究者が大学を離れても満足できるキャリアがあることを、しっかりと認めるべきだ。
Young researchers thrive in life after academia p.585
Alternative career paths should be celebrated, not seen as a compromise.
doi: 10.1038/537585a
Alternative career paths should be celebrated, not seen as a compromise.
doi: 10.1038/537585a
We need to know what the 1.5 °C warming target will involve — even if we don’t reach it.
doi: 10.1038/537585b
United Nations conference on cities needs to set goals for the next 20 years.
doi: 10.1038/537586a
Construction of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) is complete, but debugging has only just begun.
doi: 10.1038/537593a
Chan Zuckerberg Initiative aims to have major impact by 2100.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20649
Genetic analyses of endangered animals reveal high level of interbreeding with hardier American species.
doi: 10.1038/537596a
Worries include how to coordinate research programmes and resources from different countries.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20658
Former Soviet nation bids for independence from Russian fossil fuels.
doi: 10.1038/537598a
Research struggles in a country in economic free-fall.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20670
米国からの経済制裁が緩和され、キューバの科学が進化し始めている。
doi: 10.1038/537600a
作物の収量や稔性を改良するための変種同士の交配はよく行われる。このような雑種強勢の基盤となるゲノム構造を詳細に解明した研究からは、将来の農作物改良戦略に有用な情報が得られそうだ。
doi: 10.1038/nature19433
核磁気共鳴法と核医学の技術を組み合わせて使って放射性トレーサーの分布状態を画像化する方法が開発された。これは医用画像化技術の強力で革新的な手法への道を開く可能性がある。
doi: 10.1038/537621a
細菌細胞壁を合成する分子装置の主要部分に予想外の機能があることが、今回明らかになった。この結果は細菌細胞壁に関する我々の理解を大きく変えるだけでなく、抗生物質の開発にも重大な関わりがあると考えられる。
doi: 10.1038/537622a
中国の農村で研究者と農家の間の協力によって行われている穀物収量改善活動は、世界の食料生産量を増加させるために、地域規模で何ができるのかを明らかにしている。
doi: 10.1038/nature19431
地球温暖化による永久凍土融解が進むにつれて、北極のツンドラからの炭素排出は急激に増加する可能性がある。こうした融解の二酸化炭素排出への長期的影響について今回得られた手掛かりから、さらなるデータの必要性がはっきりした。
doi: 10.1038/537625a
哺乳類では、体内の水分平衡状態が擾乱されると衰弱につながることがある。今回2つの研究によって、マウスで渇きへの応答と渇きの予測が行われ、全体的な体液調節の維持に関わっている脳領域が特定された。
doi: 10.1038/537626a
複雑で動的な分子挙動が生じたことは、生命の出現に関わった可能性がある。このような挙動が今回、自己複製する小型の生体関連有機分子が関わる反応ネットワーク中で観察された。
doi: 10.1038/537627a
Insights into the genomic architecture of heterosis for grain yield in rice are presented, and further mapping of grain yield loci resolves candidate genes that could be useful for breeding.
doi: 10.1038/nature19760
SEDS proteins are core peptidoglycan polymerases involved in bacterial cell wall elongation and division.
doi: 10.1038/nature19331
Respirasomes are supercomplexes of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes that are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production; a cryo-electron microscopy structural study of the respirasome is presented.
doi: 10.1038/nature19359
Respirasomes are supercomplexes of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes that are responsible for cellular respiration and energy production; cryo-electron microscopy structures of mammalian (sheep) respirasomes are presented.
doi: 10.1038/nature19774
Long-term pre- and post-eruption observations of the classical nova V1213 Centauri reveal that its progenitor was a dwarf nova and that the mass-transfer rate increased considerably as a result of the nova explosion.
doi: 10.1038/nature19066
A new imaging and spectroscopy approach combines the ability of magnetic resonance imaging to manipulate nuclear spins with the high sensitivity of γ-ray detection, enabling a greatly reduced number of nuclei to be used compared to conventional NMR signal detection.
doi: 10.1038/nature19775
A few-component network of biologically relevant, organic reactions displays bistability and oscillations, without an enzymatic catalyst.
doi: 10.1038/nature19776
An artificial metalloenzyme is compartmentalized and evolved in vivo for olefin metathesis—an archetypal organometallic reaction without equivalent in nature; the evolved metathase reveals broad substrate scope and compares favourably with commercial catalysts.
doi: 10.1038/nature19114
Trace-element analyses of olivine phenocrysts and diamond inclusions indicate that carbonatite-metasomatized subcontinental mantle may be the source of the HIMU mantle end-member, as opposed to recycled basaltic oceanic crust.
doi: 10.1038/nature19113
The authors report on attempts to increase the yield of smallholder farms in China using ten practices recommended by the Science and Technology Backyard for farming maize and wheat at county level.
doi: 10.1038/nature19368
Heterozygous Chd8 mutant mice display autistic-like behaviours and small but global changes in brain gene expression, which are associated with delays in neuronal development.
doi: 10.1038/nature19357
Feedback from the oral cavity to thirst-promoting neurons in the subfornical organ (SFO) during eating and drinking is integrated with information about blood composition, providing a prediction of how oral consumption will affect fluid balance and leading to changes in behaviour.
doi: 10.1038/nature18950
Clock neurons projecting from the suprachiasmatic nucleus activate a thirst-related brain area in mice to cause a surge in drinking just before sleep and thereby to prevent dehydration during the sleep period.
doi: 10.1038/nature19756
The assembly and analysis of complete genomes and large genomic fragments have tripled the number of known ocean viruses and uncovered the potentially important roles they play in nitrogen and sulfur cycling.
doi: 10.1038/nature19366
Yeast central carbon metabolism has been engineered to achieve a more efficient isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, an advance that brings commodity-scale production of such compounds a step closer.
doi: 10.1038/nature19769
Stem cells generate progenitors that transition through a series of dynamically unstable states with mixed-lineage gene expression, culminating in the specification of cell-fate.
doi: 10.1038/nature19348
