コロナウイルスによる中東呼吸器症候群（MERS）のパンデミックに備え、国際的協力の下での十分な対策が必要だ。
Present danger p.311
There is much hype about predicting and preventing future pandemics, but not enough is being done about a threat sitting under our noses.
doi: 10.1038/510311a
There is much hype about predicting and preventing future pandemics, but not enough is being done about a threat sitting under our noses.
doi: 10.1038/510311a
A fledgling neuroscience programme is a rare beacon of research excellence in Romania.
doi: 10.1038/510312b
Does reality exist? Fifty years on, Bell’s theorem still divides (and confuses) physicists.
doi: 10.1038/510312a
Digital-photo software promises to offer unprecedented access to artefacts and sites.
doi: 10.1038/510319a
Acacia analysis reveals globetrotting seed trekked 18,000 kilometres from Hawaii to Réunion.
doi: 10.1038/510320a
Launch date for cohort study set to be delayed as data problems are identified.
doi: 10.1038/510323a
Critics question ethics of allowing pregnant women to receive treatment that falls below the standard in their country.
doi: 10.1038/510324a
Funding agency aims to affirm best practice with independent checks on research methods.
doi: 10.1038/510325a
水不足を何とか改善しようと、これまでの型にはまらない給水源の研究が進んでいる。
doi: 10.1038/510326a
米国科学アカデミーのメンバーは、その機関誌Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciencesへの掲載について、特権を享受してきた。
doi: 10.1038/510330a
ホスホイノシチド 3-OHキナーゼδは、抑制性免疫細胞の働きの促進により抗腫瘍免疫応答を制限していることが分かった。この結果は、このキナーゼを標的とする薬剤の適用範囲をもっと多くのがんに広げるのにつながるかもしれない。
doi: 10.1038/nature13503
「予測することは難しい、特に未来については」ということわざがある。カオス系のダイナミクスの情報理論に基づく研究から、この言葉に新しい意味が加わった。
doi: 10.1038/510343a
栄養不良状態にある乳幼児は成長が遅れるだけでなく、腸内細菌叢の成熟も遅れることが、急性の栄養不良を起こした幼児とバングラデシュの健康な乳幼児との比較研究で示された。
doi: 10.1038/nature13347
古典的なデジタルコンピューターに比べて量子コンピューターの方がずっと魅力的なのはどういうところによるのだろうか。その理由が、状況依存性と呼ばれる量子力学に固有の定量可能な性質にあることが今回明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/nature13504
酵素のパーキンは、細胞小器官のミトコンドリアが損傷を受けた場合にその廃棄を促進することが知られている。今回、パーキンと逆の働きをする酵素が見つかり、細胞内で微妙な釣り合いが保たれている仕組みが解明された。
doi: 10.1038/nature13500
制御された量子系が精密なセンサーとして働く量子センシングに基づく方法によって、2つの離れたイオンにそれぞれ結合している2つの電子の間の弱い磁気相互作用が可能になった。
doi: 10.1038/510349a
Quantum computing promises advantages over classical computing for certain problems; now ‘quantum contextuality’ — a generalization of the concept of quantum non-locality — is shown to be a critical resource that gives the most promising class of quantum computers their power.
doi: 10.1038/nature13460
The Eucalyptus grandis genome has been sequenced, revealing the greatest number of tandem duplications of any plant genome sequenced so far, and the highest diversity of genes for specialized metabolites that act as chemical defence and provide unique pharmaceutical oils; genome sequencing of the sister species E. globules and a set of inbred E. grand is tree genomes reveals dynamic genome evolution and hotspots of inbreeding depression.
doi: 10.1038/nature13308
Large-scale single-cell RNA-seq of stimulated primary mouse bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells highlights positive and negative intercellular signalling pathways that promote and restrain cellular variation.
doi: 10.1038/nature13437
Damaged mitochondria are removed by mitophagy, and defects in mitophagy are linked to Parkinson’s disease; here it is shown that USP30, a deubiquitinase localized to mitochondria, antagonizes mitophagy by removing the ubiquitin tags put in place by Parkin, USP30 inhibition is therefore potentially beneficial for Parkinson’s disease by promoting mitochondrial clearance and quality control.
doi: 10.1038/nature13418
The magnetic interaction between two electrons is measured at the micrometre scale, exhibiting spin entanglement generation over 15 seconds of coherent evolution; varying the inter-electron separation shows a distance dependence consistent with the inverse-cube law.
doi: 10.1038/nature13403
Femtosecond X-ray laser pulses are used to probe the structure of liquid water in micrometre-sized droplets that have been cooled below the homogeneous ice nucleation temperature, revealing the existence of metastable bulk liquid water down to temperatures of 227 kelvin.
doi: 10.1038/nature13266
A stable crystal phase and two metastable liquid phases of the ST2 model of water exist at the same deeply supercooled condition, and the two liquids undergo a first-order liquid–liquid transition that meets stringent thermodynamic criteria.
doi: 10.1038/nature13405
Seismic data from subduction zones that exhibit slow earthquakes reveal that the ratio of compressional-wave to shear-wave velocity of the overriding forearc crust is linearly related to the average recurrence time of slow earthquakes and that this may be associated with quartz enrichment within the forearc crust.
doi: 10.1038/nature13391
A mouse study reveals that the stem cell quiescent state is composed of two distinct phases, G0 and GAlert; stem cells reversibly transition between these two phases in response to systemic environmental stimuli acting through the mTORC1 pathway.
doi: 10.1038/nature13255
Ageing in the worm Caenorhabditis elegant is shown to be delayed by supplementation with α-ketoglutarate, an effect that is probably mediated by ATP synthase—which is identified as a direct target of α-ketoglutarate—and target of rapamycin (TOR).
doi: 10.1038/nature13264
A mouse model of T-cell leukaemia is used to test whether PTEN loss is required for tumour maintenance as well as initiation; although it had little effect on tumour load in haematopoietic organs, PTEN reactivation reduced the CCR9-dependent tumour dissemination to the intestine that was amplified on PTEN loss, exposing the importance of tumour microenvironment in PTEN-deficient settings.
doi: 10.1038/nature13239
The kinase PI(3)Kδ is shown to be required for the immunosuppressive function of regulatory T cells; inactivation of PI(3)Kδ in these cells leads to enhanced cytotoxic T-cell function and restricts tumour growth and metastasis in a variety of mouse tumour models.
doi: 10.1038/nature13444
CFIm25 is identified as a factor that prevents messenger RNAs being shortened due to altered 3′ polyadenylation, which typically occurs when cells undergo high proliferation and correlates with increased tumorigenic activity in glioblastoma tumours.
doi: 10.1038/nature13261
Bacterial species whose representation defines healthy postnatal assembly of the gut microbiota in Bangladeshi children during their first 2 years are identified, and a model is constructed to compare healthy children to those with severe acute malnutrition (SAM); results show that SAM is associated with microbiota immaturity that is only partially ameliorated by existing nutritional interventions.
doi: 10.1038/nature13421
Crystal structures of human and prokaryotic ribosomal oxygenases reported here, with and without their ribosomal protein substrates, support their assignments as hydroxylases, and provide insights into the evolution of the JmjC-domain-containing hydroxylases and demethylases.
doi: 10.1038/nature13263
How sulphur is incorporated into sulphur-containing secondary metabolites is poorly understood; here, the bacterium Amycolatopsis orientalis is shown to co-opt sulphur-carrier proteins from primary metabolic pathways to facilitate the biosynthesis of sulphur-containing natural products.
doi: 10.1038/nature13256
