がん撲滅という実現しそうにない目標を掲げる米国の「ムーンショット」計画は、これまでのがん研究の進展を軽視している。
Back to Earth p.253
Success against cancer need not deliver the Moon.
doi: 10.1038/530253b
Success against cancer need not deliver the Moon.
doi: 10.1038/530253b
Environmental agencies must go much further in regulating aircraft emissions if they want to make a real difference.
doi: 10.1038/530253a
Scientists should pay more heed to the varying effects of diet and environment on animal work.
doi: 10.1038/530254a
Historic discovery of ripples in space-time meant ruling out the possibility of a fake signal.
doi: 10.1038/530261a
Detection of ripples in space-time kicks off new era in physics.
doi: 10.1038/530263a
Environmental factors lie behind many irreproducible rodent experiments.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.19335
ASAPbio meeting discusses the ins and outs of posting work online before peer review.
doi: 10.1038/530265a
Scramble by researchers to monitor driving restrictions in Indian capital pays off.
doi: 10.1038/530266a
Plan aims to decrease carbon dioxide produced by new aeroplanes.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.19336
5億4000万年前の海で起こった爆発的進化のきっかけを推測するための手掛かりが、次々と集まっている。
doi: 10.1038/530268a
分光分析が天体観測に用いられるようになったことで、太陽系外惑星の実際の姿が明らかになり始めている。
doi: 10.1038/530272a
光が物体に及ぼす力を使って、光子と機械振動の量子単位を対にすることができた。この結果は、機械共振器を光子と他の量子系の間のインターフェースとして機能させることへの道を開く。
doi: 10.1038/530284a
道徳感を課し、聡明であり、厳しい神に対する信仰が、他人との協力を促進してきたことが、異文化論的実験から明らかになった。これは、ヒトの社会の拡大における宗教の役割を裏付けるものだ。
doi: 10.1038/nature16879
大規模な氷床からの氷の放出量は、直近の氷期が終わりに近づいても急速には増えなかったことが明らかになった。この知見は、千年の時間スケールでは、氷床の減少と海水準上昇は安定的に進行し、破壊的にはならないことを示している。
doi: 10.1038/530287a
ミトコンドリアと呼ばれる細胞小器官の分裂が、ストレス感知タンパク質のAMPKと連動していることが分かった。AMPKタンパク質はストレスによって活性化されるとミトコンドリアの受容体タンパク質であるMFFをリン酸化し、これが分裂装置を動員する。
doi: 10.1038/530288a
ショウジョウバエ中腸の腸幹細胞では、増殖が一方の性に偏っていることが見いだされた。このことから、腸のサイズはこれまで見つかっていなかった、性特異的分子経路によって決定されていることが明らかになった。
doi: 10.1038/530289a
海生の被子植物であるアマモ（Zostera marina）のゲノム塩基配列は、海藻が陸生植物に進化し、さらにまた海に戻った仕組みを明らかにしている。
doi: 10.1038/nature16869
The peptidergic neuronal circuit controlling sigh generation has been identified as ~200 Nmb- or Grp-expressing neurons in the RTN/pFRG breathing control centre of the medulla that project to ~200 receptor-expressing neurons in the respiratory rhythm generator, the preBötzinger Complex.
doi: 10.1038/nature16964
A 3.7 Å resolution structure for the yeast U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP, a complex involved in splicing, allows a better appreciation of the architecture of the tri-snRNP, and offers new functional insights into the activation of the spliceosome and the assembly of the catalytic core.
doi: 10.1038/nature16940
By comparing asteroid detections and a near-Earth-object model the deficit of objects near the Sun is shown to arise from the breakup of most asteroids, especially low-albedo ones, at distances of a few tens of solar radii from the Sun.
doi: 10.1038/nature16934
An analytical framework is proposed for a complex network to accurately predict its dynamic resilience and unveil the network characteristics that can enhance or diminish resilience.
doi: 10.1038/nature16948
Non-classically correlated pairs of single photons and phonons are generated and read out from a nanomechanical resonator, demonstrating that such resonators could be used for light–matter quantum interfaces.
doi: 10.1038/nature16536
Homogenous electrocatalytic water reduction with formation of dihydrogen is demonstrated with a trisaryloxide U(iii) complex, for which the catalytic cycle was elucidated and found to involve rare terminal U(iv)–OH and U(v)=O complexes.
doi: 10.1038/nature16530
Reconstruction of the activity of ice streams operating during the retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet reveals that the number of ice streams and their total discharge decreased as the total volume of the ice sheet decreased, suggesting that ice stream activity did not accelerate the collapse of the ice sheet.
doi: 10.1038/nature16947
Using economic games, the authors examine the role of religion in the persistence of human cooperation; individuals who claim that their gods are moralizing, punitive and knowledgeable about human affairs are more likely to play fairly towards geographically distant co-religionists.
doi: 10.1038/nature16980
Whole-genome sequencing of the seagrass Zostera, representing the first marine angiosperm genome to be fully sequenced, provides insight into the evolutionary changes associated with a transition to a marine environment in this angiosperm lineage.
doi: 10.1038/nature16548
An evolutionary trade-off of unprecedented genetic complexity in the glucose/galactose utilization regulatory pathway across several long-diverged species of Saccharomyces.
doi: 10.1038/nature16938
Generation of an epitope-tagged, functional Wnt3 knock-in allele, the signal produced by Paneth cells to regulate intestinal stem cells.
doi: 10.1038/nature16937
Reversible, cell-intrinsic mechanisms that depend on a new sex differentiation pathway act in adult somatic cells of the Drosophila intestine to govern sex-specific differences in organ size, plasticity during reproduction, and response to tumorigenic insults.
doi: 10.1038/nature16953
By investigating trafficking of autoreactive T cells into the CSF during experimental autoimmune encephalitis, the authors find that T cells enter the CSF from the leptomeninges, and that commuting between the leptomeninges and the CSF is regulated by integrin adhesive forces triggered by T-cell activation and/or chemokines.
doi: 10.1038/nature16939
NEK7, a member of the NIMA-related kinase family, is identified as a regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome oligomerization and activation; NEK7 functions downstream of potassium efflux in a manner that is independent of its kinase activity.
doi: 10.1038/nature16959
An unexpected octameric integrase architecture for the betaretrovirus mouse mammary tumour virus intasome.
doi: 10.1038/nature16955
A crystal structure of the octameric integrase from Rous sarcoma virus in complex with viral and target DNAs.
doi: 10.1038/nature16950
