ブラジルでは、環境規制緩和の動きが見られるが、環境保護を後退させないような努力が必要だ。
Don’t bypass Brazil’s environmental protections p.139
Proposals to streamline infrastructure projects are headed in the wrong direction.
doi: 10.1038/539139a
Proposals to streamline infrastructure projects are headed in the wrong direction.
doi: 10.1038/539139a
Prejudices about research in particular countries harms the openness required for successful international relationships.
doi: 10.1038/539139b
Biologists in particular are writing their papers in a less formal style.
doi: 10.1038/539140a
Barrage of proposals would allow developers to sidestep environmental reviews.
doi: 10.1038/539147a
Government’s first Autumn Statement could reveal how it regards science.
doi: 10.1038/539148a
Biomedical funders worldwide are adopting the US agency’s free Relative Citation Ratio to analyse grant outcomes.
doi: 10.1038/539150a
World Health Organization asks research initiatives to focus on translating their findings into clinical benefits.
doi: 10.1038/539151a
Sub-Saharan project could one day help ecosystems to resist climate change and improve agriculture.
doi: 10.1038/539152a
Computerized search of trial registry lists worst offenders.
doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20930
世界の医療制度の破綻を引き起こす可能性のある認知症を抑え込むには、研究資金の増額、診断法と治療薬の改善、そして人々の士気を高める成功例が必要である。
doi: 10.1038/539156a
固体表面に吸着された1個の分子に非常に短い光パルスを当てて動きを開始させ、さらに追跡するナノスケールの画像化法は、表面にある分子の物理ダイナミクスや化学ダイナミクスを調べる道を開くものだ。
doi: 10.1038/539170a
Ostn遺伝子は、多くの哺乳類の筋肉と骨で発現される。霊長類のOSTN遺伝子がニューロンでも機能するように転用されていることが明らかになり、ヒトが認知能力を進化させた仕組みについての手掛かりが得られた。
doi: 10.1038/539171a
将来起こる海岸線の浸食を予測するには、過去に崖がどのくらいの速さで浸食されたのか知る必要がある。ある研究によって、英国南部の海岸で崖が後退する速度が算出され、こうした浸食が最近の数世紀の間に加速していることが明らかにされた。
doi: 10.1038/539173a
血液がんに関連した遺伝的変異が骨髄の非血液細胞中で発現すると、マウスではそれだけで血液がんが引き起こされることが、今回明らかになった。この知見は致命的となることが多い疾患の1つの治療法を指し示している可能性がある。
doi: 10.1038/nature19479
ラットは悪影響を及ぼす多様な刺激に対して、警告、抵抗、疲弊という3段階に分けられる共通した反応を示すことが1936年に発見され、これがストレス研究を独立した専門分野として出発させることになった。
doi: 10.1038/nature20473
極低温気体中のジスプロシウム原子の磁気双極子間の相互作用によって、自己束縛された液滴が作られる。これは極低温気体の量子力学的性質を探るために使える孤立系となる可能性がある。
doi: 10.1038/539176a
脊髄損傷によって片方の後肢が麻痺した2頭のサルが、脳と脊髄の間の情報伝達を再建する技術によって歩行能力を再び取り戻した。
doi: 10.1038/539177a
The extinct Andreolepis, an early fish that is close to the common ancestor of all bony fish and land vertebrates, shed its teeth by basal resportion—the earliest example of this mode of tooth replacement.
doi: 10.1038/nature19812
Osteocrin is a non-neuronal secreted protein in mice that has been evolutionarily repurposed to act as a neuronal development factor in primates.
doi: 10.1038/nature20111
Transplanted embryonic neurons in mice mature and achieve adult-like properties within 4–8 weeks, receiving appropriate inputs and establishing stimulus-selective responses.
doi: 10.1038/nature20113
Natural isolates of Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes differ in their sensitivity to the anti-exploratory pheromone icas#9, yielding two distinct foraging strategies that possess different survival advantages depending on environmental conditions such as food distribution.
doi: 10.1038/nature19848
A self-bound quantum droplet of magnetic atoms is observed in a trap-free levitation field.
doi: 10.1038/nature20126
Watching a single molecule move calls for measurements that combine ultrafast temporal resolution with atomic spatial resolution; this is now shown to be possible by combining scanning tunnelling microscopy with lightwave electronics, through a technique that involves removing a single electron from the highest occupied orbital of a single pentacene molecule in a time window shorter than an oscillation cycle of light.
doi: 10.1038/nature19816
Catalytic alkylation of C–H bonds is achieved via homolysis of N–H bonds of N-alkyl amides through proton-coupled electron transfer.
doi: 10.1038/nature19811
The formation of carbon–carbon bonds is achieved via directed cleavage of traditionally non-reactive carbon–hydrogen bonds and their subsequent coupling with readily available alkenes.
doi: 10.1038/nature19810
About a third of the sediment delivery of the Mekong River is shown to be associated with rainfall generated by tropical cyclones, suggesting that future delta stability will be strongly moderated by changes to tropical cyclone intensity, frequency and track.
doi: 10.1038/nature19809
Warratyi rock shelter shows evidence of human occupation approximately 50,000 years ago, development of tool use and cultural innovation, and interaction with now-extinct megafauna in arid Australia.
doi: 10.1038/nature20125
A wireless brain–spine interface is presented that enables macaques with a spinal cord injury to regain locomotor movements of a paralysed leg.
doi: 10.1038/nature20118
In mice, glutamatergic globus pallidus neurons projecting to the lateral habenula (GPh neurons) bi-directionally encode positive and negative prediction error signals that are critical for outcome evaluation and are driven by a subset of basal ganglia circuits.
doi: 10.1038/nature19845
Mice with macrophages deficient in fatty acid synthase exhibit lower levels of diabetes-related insulin resistance and inflammation, qualities that are restored on addition of exogenous cholesterol.
doi: 10.1038/nature20117
Using a protocol that recapitulates both meiosis and oocyte growth in vitro, the authors induce mouse pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into fully functional oocytes that can be fertilized and generate viable offspring, thereby recapitulating the full mammalian female germline cycle in a dish.
doi: 10.1038/nature20104
Mutations in the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 affect cells in the bone marrow environment, which leads to aberrant activation of resident haematopoietic stem cells and thereby contributes to the development of leukaemia.
doi: 10.1038/nature20131
Single-cell RNA-seq in human gliomas identifies cycling cancer stem cells and their differentiated glial-like cell progeny.
doi: 10.1038/nature20123
