放射性廃棄物の唯一の現実的な処分方法は地層処分であり、英政府は、候補地探しを粘り強く続けるべきだ。
In a hole p.5
It is in Britain’s best interests to keep looking for a site for a deep nuclear-waste repository.
doi: 10.1038/494005b
It is in Britain’s best interests to keep looking for a site for a deep nuclear-waste repository.
doi: 10.1038/494005b
Japan is making an overdue effort to regulate experimental stem-cell treatments. A clearly defined legal framework is needed to protect patients.
doi: 10.1038/494005a
The identification of a long-dead king is not simply an academic event.
doi: 10.1038/494006a
NASA prepares to launch satellite that will continue historic record of global change.
doi: 10.1038/494013a
Commissioners say that geological faults make some reactors too dangerous to restart.
doi: 10.1038/494014a
Government moves to tighten oversight after string of hydrogen fluoride accidents.
doi: 10.1038/494015a
Maintenance, improvement work and data analysis will keep scientists busy as collider’s planned closure begins.
doi: 10.1038/494016a
Plush San Francisco medical hub seeks to safeguard academic research.
doi: 10.1038/494019a
多くの熱帯の生物は、極端な暑さ寒さの経験が乏しいため、温暖化によって絶滅するおそれがある。
doi: 10.1038/494022a
NIHのトランスレーショナル研究センターのChristopher Austin所長には、迅速な新薬開発を可能にする戦略が期待されている。
doi: 10.1038/494024a
地球の土壌は微生物でいっぱいで、こうした微生物は作物の生産量から炭素隔離まで、さまざまな過程を調節している。微生物群集の特徴付けには分子レベルの解析が非常に有用だが、その生態学的機能をもっとよく知るにはどうしたらいいだろうか。2人の微生物学研究者がデータマイニングと対象を絞った実験という2つの手法の優劣について論じている。
doi: 10.1038/494040a
磁場中での電荷キャリヤーの動き方を利用して、半導体接合に基づく計算ブロックが作られた。これは再構成ができ、相互接続して複雑な論理機能を持たせることも可能である。
doi: 10.1038/nature11944
塩は健康においても病気においても重要な役割を持つが、哺乳類が塩の味を感じる仕組みは完全にはわかっていない。線虫での実験から、ヒトで聴覚に関連するとされているTMCタンパク質が塩味の感知にかかわる受容体であることが示唆された。
doi: 10.1038/nature11946
病原体であるカンジダ菌Candida albicansで、染色体を１組しか持たないという珍しい株が見つかった。このような半数体株の形成は、ヒトの体内で損傷を受けた遺伝子コピーを取り除き、進化を促進する。
doi: 10.1038/nature11945
大質量星が超新星として一生を終えるときの爆発は、「宇宙の果て」からでも見える可能性があるが、星の性質についてはわからないことが多い。新たに得られた観測結果から、そうした星の1つの爆発に至るまでの一生についての手がかりが得られた。
doi: 10.1038/494046a
The current experimental and theoretical status of spin–orbit coupling in ultracold atomic systems is discussed, highlighting unique features that enable otherwise impossible physics.
doi: 10.1038/nature11841
Candida albicans is a prominent human fungal pathogen that until now was thought to be an obligate diploid; here it is shown that C. albicans can form viable haploids, that these haploids are able to mate to form heterozygous diploids, and that haploids and their auto-diploids are significantly less fit in vitro and in vivo than heterozygous progenitors or diploids formed by haploid mating pairs.
doi: 10.1038/nature11865
Crystal structures reveal insight into how interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs) selectively recognize viral RNA.
doi: 10.1038/nature11783
A mass-loss event 40 days before the explosion of the type IIn supernova SN 2010mc has been detected; the outburst indicates that there is a causal relation between explosive mass-loss events seen in some massive stars before their explosion and the onset of the supernova explosion.
doi: 10.1038/nature11877
An imaging technique has been developed to characterize state mixtures caused by partial coherence and fluctuations in dynamical systems.
doi: 10.1038/nature11806
A microchannel made from InSb, which has current–voltage characteristics that are strongly dependent on the sign and magnitude of an applied magnetic field, is used to demonstrate that circuits made from such structures can be programmed — and reprogrammed — to perform elementary logic functions, such as AND, OR, NAND and NOR.
doi: 10.1038/nature11817
An efficient and scalable strategy with robust error correction is reported for encoding a record amount of information (including images, text and audio files) in DNA strands; a ‘DNA archive’ has been synthesized, shipped from the USA to Germany, sequenced and the information read.
doi: 10.1038/nature11875
Changes in ocean circulation are the most plausible explanation for the early Southern Hemisphere deglacial warming and its lead over Northern Hemisphere temperature.
doi: 10.1038/nature11822
Persistent anthropogenic disturbance is shown simultaneously to drive plant species loss and stabilize some attributes of ecosystem function, analogous to a high-yield, low-diversity agricultural system, but increase the likelihood of irreversible collapse after sudden environmental change.
doi: 10.1038/nature11869
Chronic inflammation is a feature of the ageing brain and some neurodegenerative diseases; the authors show that astrocytes normally suppress neuroinflammation through activation of their DRD2 receptor by CRYAB, potentially opening new avenues for treatments.
doi: 10.1038/nature11748
The membrane protein TMC-1 is required for salt avoidance behaviour in C. elegans, functions as an ion channel directly activated by NaCl in vitro and is a candidate salt chemosensor; the human homologue of TMC-1 is linked to deafness and may be the cochlear hair-cell mechanotransduction channel.
doi: 10.1038/nature11845
Immune rejection may limit the therapeutic use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); here, terminally differentiated mouse iPSCs are shown to generate negligible immune rejection in their host.
doi: 10.1038/nature11807
This study demonstrates that an inheritable adult onset heart disease can be modelled in vitro within months with the help of metabolic maturation induction.
doi: 10.1038/nature11799
The livers of obese mice and humans show increased levels of miR-802 resulting in impaired glucose tolerance and decreased insulin sensitivity through silencing of Hnf1b, revealing a novel pathway with potential relevance for type 2 diabetes.
doi: 10.1038/nature11793
In mice, commensal bacteria are shown to provide critical signals that limit bacterial trafficking to the mesenteric lymph nodes by immune cells, thus preventing the induction of mucosal immune responses.
doi: 10.1038/nature11809
The crystal structure of prolyl tRNA synthetase simultaneously bound to its substrate ATP and its inhibitor halofuginone, a derivative of a compound used to treat malaria, indicates that (through interactions with ATP) halofuginone occupies both the amino acid and tRNA binding sites on the synthetase, revealing a new model for developing synthetase inhibitors.
doi: 10.1038/nature11774
Drosophila epithelial tracheal placode invagination is shown to be driven by mitotic cell rounding along with epithelial growth factor receptor signalling and myosin contractility in neighbouring cells, revealing a new cell-division-independent role for mitotic events in morphogenesis.
doi: 10.1038/nature11792
